Tolerance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and microorganisms associated to their hyphosphere to aluminum in soil

Background: The elements that are toxic to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and soil microorganisms, the levels at which they affect them, poorly known.
 Objective: To quantify effects of: 1) aluminum added (0, 50 100 mg kg-1) 2) inoculation with AMF (two isolates without prior exposure aluminum, Acaulospora delicata Gigaspora margarita, native community of a contaminated Al, control AMF) on development mycelium hyphosphere-associated microbiota.
 Methods: A system two compartments was used, central compartment in maize sown were inoculated side root passage, where only external exposed different concentrations Al. Al quantified fatty-acid biomar-ker 16:1w5.
 Results conclusions: up kg-1, controlling pH soil, did not alter growth any HMA either or roots. Aluminum kg-1 have direct effect microbiota.